这枚金币挣来不容易.(改为how what 感叹句句)

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>>>句型转换。1. Our city is beautiful. (改为感叹句) _______ o..
句型转换。
1. Our city is beautiful. (改为感叹句)&&& _______ our city is!&2. There are two hundred famous companies in Xinjiang from 19 provinces. (对画线部分提问)&&& _______ _______ famous companies in Xinjiang are there from 19 provinces? 3. I am surprised to find great changes have taken place in China. (改为同义句)&&& _______ my _______, I find great changes have taken place in China.4. My son is too young to join the army. (改为同义句)&&& My son isn't _______ to join the army. 5. She hardly knew how to solve this math problem. (完成反义疑问句) &&& She hardly knew how to solve this math problem, _______ _______?
题型:句型转换难度:中档来源:新疆自治区中考真题
1.&How beautiful 2. How many 3. To surprise 4. old enough 5. did she (答案不唯一)
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据魔方格专家权威分析,试题“句型转换。1. Our city is beautiful. (改为感叹句) _______ o..”主要考查你对&&感叹句,形容词,副词,介词短语,反意疑问句&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
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因为篇幅有限,只列出部分考点,详细请访问。
感叹句形容词副词介词短语反意疑问句
感叹句:是表示喜怒哀乐等情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或what开头。感叹句要用降调,句末用感叹号 How作状语,修饰修饰形容词、副词、或句子;what作定语,修饰名词(名词前可有形容词或冠词)。感叹句结构:一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。1.① What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!② What+名词词组+主语+谓语!如: What a fine day it is!2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!如: What kind women they are!What nice music it is!二、由How引导的感叹句。(how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。)1.How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!如: How hard the workers are working!How clever the girl is!How quickly the boy is writing!2. How+主语+谓语!如:How time flies! 时光飞逝!三、注意:1. 当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。如: How fast the runner runs!2. how与what引导的感叹句中的第一种格式(单数名词)一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。如: What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is!What a beautiful building it is! = How beautiful the building is!3. 在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如: What a nice present!(省略it is)How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)感叹句 what 和 how 的区别:1.由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).如: What a clever girl she is!&& 多么聪明的姑娘呀!&2.由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).如: How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀!  3.在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。如:What a hot day it is!How hot the day is !4.感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如:What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀!一般陈述句转换成How或者What引导的感叹句的方法:方法:找出陈述句中的主语和谓语部分,再找出形容词,最后找陈述句中是否包含该形容词修饰的名词部分。例如:My classmates are very kind and helpful.分析:句子的主语是my classmates,谓语(即动词)是are,形容词有kind和helpful,但没有该形容词要修饰的名词。因此可以转换成How引导的感叹句,根据“How + adj. + 主语 + 谓语!”,该陈述句可以改成:How kind and helpful my classmates are!例如:China is a peaceful country.分析:句子中的主语是China,谓语是is,形容词是peaceful,而且有该形容词修饰的名词country,并且,country是可数名词,需要用冠词,原句有冠词a,因此可以转换成What引导的感叹句,根据“What + n. + 主语 + 谓语!”,该句子可以改成:What a peaceful country China is!
感叹句用法:感叹句多以how或what引导,但在口语中,还有一些特殊的感叹句表达形式。1.以副词here, there, in开头的感叹句。Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了!There they are! 他们在那儿呢!2.以疑问词who开头,表示惊奇。Who else will read such a book! 谁还会读这样的书!3.以情态动词may开头,表示愿望。May you both be happy! 祝二位幸福。May you succeed! 祝你成功!4.否定疑问句用作感叹句时,它的意义是肯定的;但肯定疑问句用作感叹句在美国英语中比较常见。Aren’t they sweet! 他们多可爱啊!I am hungry! 我饿极了!5.一些短语用作感叹句。Dear me! 哎呀! My goodness! 嗳呀!None of your nonsense! 不要胡说了!6.一些作表语的成分用作感叹句。Just my luck! 又倒霉了!Sorry, my mistake! 对不起,是我的错!7.以从句表示的感叹句。例如:As if were my fault!好像是我的错似的!To think a scandal of this sort should be going on under my roof!真想不到这种丑事竟然出在我们家里!感叹句大全:一、由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种: “ What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如: What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊! What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊! “ What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”。如: What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊! What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊! “ What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”。如: What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊! What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊! 二、由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种: “ How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语!”。如: How careful she is! 她多么细心啊! How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊! “ How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如: How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊! “ How +主语+谓语!”。如: How time flies! 光阴似箭! 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如: How beautiful a girl she is! = What a beautiful girl she is! What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are! 三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。 如: Good idea! (好主意!)wonderful! (太精彩了!) Thank goodness! (谢天谢地!)形容词:简称adj.或a,形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态,和特征的程度好坏与否,形容词在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语。她是一个好学生,她学习努力。She is a good student, and she works hard.这辆自行车很贵。This bike is expensive.对不起,我现在很忙。I am sorry, I'm busy now.你为这次会议做好准备了吗? Have you got everything ready for the meeting?形容词的语法功能:一、作定语He is the greatest writer alive.他是依然健在的伟大的作家。Somewone else has done it.别人已经做了这事。二、作补语形容词做主语补足语和宾语补足语时,可以表示其现状、状态,也可以表示某一动作的结果,并常用在表示“认为,看待”的动词如believe,prove,consider等候。例如:The news made her sad.这消息使他感到非常悲伤。Don't marry young.不要早婚。三、作状语形容词或形容词短语可作状语,形容词作状语时,可以看作是“being+形容词”结构的省略,可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、强调或伴随状况等意义。例如:Enthusiastic,they are co-operative.热心的时候他们是很合作的。Rich or poor, young or old, we all have problems.不管是穷人还是富人,不管是年轻人还是老人,我们都有问题。四、做表语The ship was adrift on unknown seas.那艘船在陌生的海域漂流。五、做主语Old and young joined the discussion.Rich or poor meant the same to him.作感叹语Very good!Say it again.Stupid!He must be crasy.形容词的几个特殊用法:most 同形容词连用而不用 the, 表示 " 极,很,非常, 十分"。 It's most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 I cannot do it, it's most difficult. 我干不了这件事,太难了。 "The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级..." 表示 " 越... 就越..."。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。 The more I have, the more I want. 我越有就越想要有。 The more, the better. 越多越好。 " 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越... "。 It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了. It's pity he is getting poorer and poorer. 真可怜他越来越穷了。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。 The more and more people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. 这个盒子和我的一样大。 This coat is as cheap as that one. 这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。&I study English as hard as my brother. 我同我兄弟一样学习努力。 the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。 I like to have a talk with the young. 我喜欢同年轻人谈话。 The rich sometimes complain their empty life. 富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。 The police led the old man across the street. 警察领老人横过马路。
以-ly结尾的形容词1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,brotherly,仍为形容词。改错:(错) She sang lovely.  &&&&&&&&&& (错) He spoke to me very friendly.   (对) Her singing was lovely.  (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词,也为副词。daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.
too+adj.+to句型&& “太…而不能”& He is too young to go to school.&=He isn’t old enough to go to school.&=He is so young that he can’t go to school.形容词的位置:1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语?&& 单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词的前面。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。例如:?&& a red flower一朵红花?an interesting story一个有趣的故事?&& six blind men 六个盲人?my own house我自己的房子?如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定,越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面,音节多的形容词放在后面。&& 2.当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时,形容词必须置于名词之后。例如:?&& &&& She has something new to tell me.?她有一些新的情况告诉我。?&& &&& I have nothing important to do today.?今天我没有重要的工作要做。?&& &&& Do you know anybody else here??这儿你还有认识的人吗??&& 3.形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时,形容词必须置于名词之后。例如:?&& &&& It is a problem difficult to work out.?这是一道难以解决的问题。?&& &&& Edison is a student difficult to teach.?爱迪生是个很难教的学生。?&& &&& This is a kind of flowers easy to grow.?这是一种易栽的花。?&& 4.用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。例如:?&& &&& All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.?&& &&& 所有的人,无论老少,都应该严格要求自己。?&& &&& We are building a new school, modern and super.?&& &&& 我们正在建一所现代化的高档次的新型学校。?&& &&& All countries, rich and poor, should help one another. 所有的国家,无论穷富都应该互相帮助。?&& 5.有少数形容词,如enough和possible,既可置于所修饰的名词前面也可以置于它所修饰的名词之后。例如:?&&& Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare?你有足够的时间做准备吗??&&& Maybe it will be a possible chance(chance possible)for you.或许它将成为一次可能的机遇。6.有些形容词,置于名词之前与之后,含义不尽相同。例如:?&& the writer present 出席的作者?&& the present writer 现在的作者?7.表示长,宽,高,深,及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。This river is about 100 metres wide.The building is more than 50 metres tall.&He is less than 40 years old.8. enough修饰名词时,在名词前后都可以。They said that they had enough food.=&They said that they had food enough.&enough 修饰形容词和副词,位于其后。&He is old enough to join the army.&He isn’t old enough to go to school.9.形容词else通常放在疑问代词,疑问副词或不定代词后&what/who/where/when/when else&something/anything/nothing…else&What else did you do?&Do you have anything else to say?10.由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。This is the book easy to read.这是一本容易读的书。形容词知识拓展:名词化的形容词:有些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,这时,它相当于一个名词,可作主语或宾语;表示一类人时,看作复数,表示一类事物时,通常看作单数。Robin Hooh(罗宾汉) hated the rich and loved the poor.The old are taken good& care of in American.the+形容词,常见的短语有:the old/the young/the sick/the white/the black/the rich/the poor/the dead(死者)形似副词的形容词:以-ly结尾的词通常是副词,但是下列词为形容词。friendly& lonely (孤独的) ;lively (活着的);lovely(可爱的)复合形容词的类型:(1)名词+过去分词& man-made satellite 人造卫星(2)形容词+现在分词& a good-looking man(3)形容词+名词& second-hand cars(4)数词+名词-ed&& three-legged chairs三条腿的椅子(5)数词+名词& 400- metre race(6)副词+现在分词& hard-working students(7)副词+过去分词& well-known writers(8)形容词+形容词& a dark-red jacket(9)形容词+过去分词& ready-made clothes 成品服装含有形容词的常用句型:(1) It’s+adj. of sb. to do sth.(good/ kind/nice/polite/clever/foolish… )It’s very kind of you to help me.(2) It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.(difficult/easy/hard/dangerous/usefulinteresting/important…)It’s important for us to learn English well.(3)下列形容词后常跟动词不定式&表示情感或情绪的形容词:glad,pleased,sorry,sad,afraid,thankful…&I'm glad to see you.表示能力,意志或推测的形容词:ready,able,sure,certain…&I’m sorry to hear that.某些现在分词和过去分词可作形容词the moving story 令人感动的故事a moved boy&& 一个被感动的男孩a frightened child 一个被吓到的孩子a frightening film 一个恐怖电影副词:是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。副词连用顺序:程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。副词分类:1、时间副词有三类:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实之前义动词1)表示发生时间的副词:It’s beginning to rain now!& 现在开始下雨了!2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实之前义动词:She often changes her mind.& 她常改变主意。3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:&He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。2、地点副词:1)有不少表示地点的副词:She is studying abroad.& 她在国外留学。2)还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形,跟宾语的是介词,否则是副词:①用作介词:Stand up!& 起立!②用作副词:A cat climbed up the tree.& 猫爬上了树。3)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:&It’s the same everywhere.& 到处都一样。3、方式副词:carefully, properly(适当地), anxiously(焦虑地), suddenly, normally(正常地), fast, well, calmly(冷静地), politely(有礼貌地), proudly(自豪地), softly, warmly ,slowly4、程度副词:much,little, very,rather(相当),so,too,still, quite, perfectly(完美地), enough, extremely(非常), entirely(整个),almost, slightly(细小地), hardly.5、疑问副词:how, when, where, why.6、关系副词:when, where, why.等。7、 连接副词:therefore(因此),moreover(此外),however,otherwise(另外的),then,when ,where,how,why等。
副词的语法作用:副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语,定语。He works hard. (作状语)他工作努力。You speak English very well. (作状语)你英语讲的相当好。Is she in ? (作表语)她在家吗?Let's be out. (作表语)让我们出去吧。Food here is hardly to get. (here作定语,hardly作状语)这儿很难弄到食物。Let him out!(作补语)让他出去!修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后a. The villagers there are busy getting in wheat.不同类型副词的用法比较:方式副词:1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifully your wife dances.& 你夫人舞跳的真美。2)还有相当多的副词,表示某些情绪:She smiled gratefully.& 她感激的笑了笑。3)还有一些以-ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。程度副词和强调副词&:1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:&& Is she badly hurt?& 她伤得重吗?& [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b):a. fairly simple 相当简单&&&&& quite correct 完全正确b. wonderfully well 好极了&&& do it very quickly 干得很快2)much 是一个特殊的程度副词,它可以:a. 修饰形容词等:I’m not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。&b. 修饰比较级:You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nicer than ours. 他们的房子比我们的好多了。疑问副词和连接副词:1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句:how: How is your grandmother? 你奶奶身体好吗?where: Where does she come from? 她是哪儿人?when: When can you come? 你什么时候能来?why: Why was he so late? 他为什么来得这么晚?2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用:how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗?where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句)when: Tell me when you’ll be ready. 告诉我你什么时候准备好。(引导宾语从句)why: That’s why I came round. 这就是我来的原因。(引导表语从句)一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:Let’s go inside. 咱们到里面去。Take two steps forward. 向前走两步。副词的位置:1、实义动词前,be动词、情态动词之后。 I am also Bush. I can also do that. I also want to play that games. I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。 He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天给了我一件礼物。 She didn't drink water enough. 她喝的水不够。 The train goes fast. 火车跑得快。 We can go to this school freely. 我们可以免费到这家学校学习。 They left a life hardly then. 当时他们的生活很艰难。 He has a new hat on today. 他今天戴了一顶新帽子。 I have seen this film twice with my friends. 这部电影我和朋友看过两次。 2、副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。 It's rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。 It's rather difficult to tell who is right.很难说谁是对的。 It's so important that I must tell my friends. 这件事太重要了,我得告诉我的朋友。 It's much better. 好多了。 3、频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。 I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。 You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是帮助我。 He seldom comes to see us. 他很少来看我们。 We usually go shopping once a week. 我们通常一周买一次东西。 The new students don't always go to dance. 新学生并不时常去跳舞。 4、疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday? 你每天什么时间学习? Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。 How much does this bike cost? 这辆车子多少钱? Either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他来。 The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师进教室时,学生们正在读书。 5、时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么? The accident took place in the Eleven Avenue one hour ago. 一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。 6、否定副词在句首,句子要倒装,如: Never have I felt so excited! 兼有两种形式的副词:1) close与closely close意思是"近"; closely 意思是"仔细地" He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2) late 与lately late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近" You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3) deep与deeply deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4) high与highly high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方" He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6) free与freely free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. Y say what you like. 副词有加a或ly的 区别在于通常加a 的副词描述一种状态,而加ly 的副词则倾向于感觉。 介词短语:介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词与它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语,定语或介词宾语。例如:at ,in, on, to介词短语在句中可以作状语,定语,表语,补足语等。 1. 作表语 && 例如:It was in 2005 in Beijing. 2. 作宾语补足语 && 例如:He found his dog outside the station. 3. 作后置定语 && 例如:I even store them in boxes under my bed. 4. 作状语 && 例如:You are supposed to put your bread on your plate. 常见介词用法:1)at,in,on在……范围at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近,旁边” in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻,接壤 to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤 He arrived at the station at ten. He is sitting at the desk. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. Jiangsu lies in the east of China. Russia live on the north of China. Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province. 2)above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与 below相对; over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3)below, under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下,不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line.介词短语组织形式及实例:一、介词+名词形式第一组by accident 偶然on account of 因为,由于in addition 另外in addition to 除 …… 之外in the air 在流行中,在传播中on (the/an) average 平均,一般来说on the basis of 根据,在 …… 的基础上at (the) best 充其量,至多for the better 好转,改善on board 在船 ( 车、飞机 ) 上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公,因事in any case 无论如何,总之in case of 假使,万一in case 假如,以防 ( 万一 ) 免得in no case 决不第二组by chance 偶然,碰巧in charge (of) 负责,主管(a) round the clock 昼夜不停地in common 共用,共有,共同in conclusion 最后,总之on condition that 在 …… 条件下in confidence 信任in connection with/to 关于in consequence 因此,结果in consequence of 由于 …… 的缘故on the contrary 反之,正相反in contrast with/to 与 …… 成对照out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住at all costs 不惜任何代价at the cost of 以 …… 为代价第三组in the course of 在 …… 过程中,在 …… 期间of course 当然,自然,无疑in danger 在危险中,垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期 ( 时 ) 的up to date 时新的in debt 欠债in detail 详细地in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下班on duty 值班,上班on earth 究竟,到底at all events 无论如何in any event 无论如何in effect 有效;实际上第四组in the event of 万一,如果发生for example 例如with the exception of 除 …… 之外in the face of 面对,不顾,即使in fact 其实,实际上on fire 烧着on foot 步行in force 有效;实施中in favo(u)r of 有利于,赞成,支持 in front of 在 …… 面前in (the) future 今后,将来on guard 警惕,防范in general 通常,大体上in half 成两半at hand 在手边,在附近from tip to toe 彻头彻尾,完全by hand 用手 hand down to 往下传,传给 ( 后代 )第五组hand in hand 手拉手,携手in hand 在掌握中,在控制中on hand 在手边,临近on (the) one hand... 一方面 …… ,on the other hand... 另一方面 ……at heart 在内心;实质上by heart 牢记,凭记忆at home 在家,在国内;自在,自如in honor of 以纪念,向 …… 表示敬意on one's honor 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙地,立即for instance 例如,举例说at intervals 不时,时时at last 最终,终于at least 至少,最低限度in the least 一点,丝毫第六组at length 终于,最后;详细地in the light of 按照,根据in line 成一直线,排成一行in line with 与 …… 一致,按照at a loss 困惑,不知所措as a matter of fact 其实,事实上by all means 无论如何,必定 by means of 借助于,用by no means 决不in memory of 纪念at the mercy of 在 …… 支配下by mistake 错误地for a moment 片刻,一会儿in a moment 立刻,马上第七组in nature 本质上 on occasion 有时,不时in order 秩序井然,整齐in group to 以便,为了in group that 以便out of order 发生故障,失调on one's own 独自地,独立地in particular 特别地,尤其,详细地in the past 在过去,以往in person 亲自in place 在适当的位置in place of 代替in the first place 起初,首先in the last place 最后out of place 不得其所的,不适当的on the point 即将 …… 的时候第八组 to the point 切中要害,切题in practice 在实际中,实际上out of practice 久不练习in proportion to( 与 ……) 成比例的in public 公开地,当众for (the) purpose of 为了on purpose 故意,有意with the purpose of 为了in question 正在考虑at random 随意地,任意地at any rate 无论如何,至少by reason of 由于as regards 关于,至于with/in regard to 对于,就 …… 而论第九组in/with relation to 关系到with respect to 关于as a result 结果,因此as a result of 由于 …… 的结果in return 作为报答,作为回报on the road 在旅途中as a rule 规章,规则;通常,照例in the long run 最终,从长远观点看for the sake of 为了 …… 起见on sale 出售;贱卖on a large scale 大规模地on a small scale 小规模地in secret 秘密地,私下地in a sense 从某种意义上说in shape 处于良好状态on the side 作为兼职,额外第十组at first sight 乍一看,初看起来in sight 被看到,在望out of sight 看不见,在视野之外in spite of 不管,不顾;尽管,虽然on the spot 当场,在现场in step 同步,合拍out of step 步调不一致,不协调in stock 现有,备有in sum 总而言之in tears 流着泪,含泪,哭in terms of 依据,按照;用 …… 措词for one thing 首先,一则on the second thoughts 经重新考虑,一转念at a time 每次,一次at no time 从不,决不at one time 同时,曾经,从前曾
二、动词+名词形式第一组have/gain access to 可以获得take...into account 考虑gain/have an advantage over 胜过,优于pay the way for 为 …… 铺平道路take advantage of 利用,趁 …… 之机pay attention to 注意do/try one's best 尽力,努力get the best of 胜过make the best of 充分利用,妥善处理get the better of 打败,致胜catch one's breath 屏息,歇口气take care 小心,当心take care of 照顾,照料take a chance 冒险一试take charge of 担任,负责keep company with 与 …… 交往,与 ……take delight in 以 …… 为乐with delight 欣然,乐意地第二组make a/the difference 有影响,很重要carry/bring into effect 使生效,使起作用put into effect 实行,生效come/go into effect 生效,实施take effect 生效,起作用catch one's eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意,照看make a face 做鬼脸find fault 埋怨,挑剔catch fire 着火come/go into force 生效,实施make friends 交朋友,友好相处be friends with 对 …… 友好,与 …… 交上朋友make fun of 取笑,嘲弄keep one's head 保持镇静lost one's head 不知所措第三组lose heart 丧失勇气,失去信心get/learn by heart 记住,背诵get hold of 抓住,掌握keep house 管理家务,做家务throw/cast light on 使明白,阐明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 记住,考虑到,想到make up one's mind 下决心come/go into operation 使投入生产,使运转put in order 整理,检修keep/hold pace with 跟上,与 …… 同步play a part 起作用take place 发生,进行take the place of 代替come to the point 说到要点,扼要地说bring/carry into practice 实施,实行第四组make progress 进步,进展give rise to 引起,使发生make sense 讲得通,有意义catch the sight of 发现,突然看见(go) on the stage 当演员take one's time 不急不忙,从容进行keep in touch 保持联系keep track 通晓事态,注意动向lose track 失去联系make use of 利用put to use 使用,利用give way 让路,让步lead the way 带路,引路make one's way 前进,进行make way 让路,开路keep one's word 遵守诺言第五组act on 作用appeal to 呼吁,要求attempt at 企图,努力attitude to/towards 态度,看法a great/good deal of 大量 ( 的 ) ,许多 ( 的 )influence on 影响interference in 干涉interference with 妨碍,打扰第六组introduce to 介绍a lot (of) 许多 ( 的 ) ,大量 ( 的 )lots of 大量,很多fall in love with 相爱,爱上a matter of( 关于 ……) 的问题a number of 若干,许多reply to 回答,答复a series of 一系列,一连串英语常考词语固定搭配(四)第七组trolley bus 电车I. D. card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑,必定next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地as matter of fact 实际情况,真相a few 有些,几个quite a few 还不少,有相当数目的a little 一点,稍微,一些,少许little by little 逐渐地quite a little 相当多,不少no matter 无论the moment (that) 一 …… 就no more 不再第八组fair play 公平竞赛;公平对待in demand 有需要,销路好rest room 厕所,盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩,一个挨一个heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步ahead of time 提前all the time 一直,始终once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔,有时no wonder 难怪,怪不得word for word 逐字地decline with thanks 婉言谢绝
三、介词+介词形式第一组account for 说明 ( 原因等 )aim at 瞄准,针对allow for 考虑到appeal to 呼吁,要求arrive at 达成,得出ask after 询问,问候ask for 请求,要求attach to 附属于,隶属于begin with 从开始break into 闯入break off 断绝,结束break through 突破break up 中止,结束;打碎,折断bring about 带来,造成bring down 打倒,挫伤;降低bring forth 产生,提上第二组bring forward 提出bring out 使出现;公布;出版bring up 教育,培养,使成长build up 积累;堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进;锻炼call for 邀请;要求;需求call forth 唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起call off 放弃,取消catch at 抓住 ( 东西 )call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up 召集,动员;打电话care for 照管,关心;喜欢,意欲carry off 夺去carry on 继续下去;从事,经营carry out 贯彻,执行;实现come to 总计,达到;苏醒,复原count on 依靠;期待,指望count up 把 …… 相加第三组cover up 掩饰,掩盖cut across 走捷径,抄近路deal with 处理,对付,安排do without 没有 …… 也行fill in/out 填充,填写get at 得到,接近;意思是get into 进入,陷入go after 追求go into 进入;研究,调查go for 竭力想取得;喜爱;支持,拥护go through 经历,经受;详细检查go with 伴随,与 …… 协调go without 没有 …… 也行improve on 改进keep to 保持,坚持lie in 在于live up to 不辜负第四组live on/by 靠 …… 生活,以 …… 为食live through 度过,经受过look after 照管,照料look at 看望,注视look for 寻找,寻求look into 调查,观察,过问;窥视look over 检查,查看,调查look through 仔细查看,浏览,温习make for 走向,驶向;有助于occur to 被想到,被想起play with 以 …… 为消遣,玩弄refer to 参考,查阅,涉及,提到run for 竞选run into 撞上,偶然碰见see to 注意,负责,照料,修理send for 派人去请,召唤;索取第五组send in 呈报,递交,送来serve as 作为,用作set aside 挑出,拨出,留出;拒绝sit for 参加stand by 支持,帮助;袖手旁观stand for 代替,代表,意味着stand against 反抗,抵抗stick to 坚持,忠于,信守take after 与 …… 相像take for 把 …… 认为是,把 …… 看成是take in 接受,吸收;了解,理解take to 喜欢,亲近touch on 关系到,涉及turn into 变成turn to 变成;求助于,借助于turn off 关上;出产;解雇
四、动词+介词形式第一组break down 损坏,分解,瓦解break in 闯入;打断,插嘴break out 逃出;突然发生,爆发bring to 使恢复知觉burn out 烧掉burn up 烧起来,旺起来;烧完catch on 理解,明白check in 办理登记手续check out 结账后离开;检验,核查check up (on) 校对,检查,检验cheer up 使高兴,使振奋clear away 扫除,收拾clear up 收拾;澄清;放晴make it clear that 弄清楚come off 实现,成功,奏效come on 请,来吧,快点;开始,出场,上演come out 出版;出现,显露;结果是第二组come round (around) 来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through 经历,脱险come up 走近,上来;发生,被提出cross out 删去,取消cut back 削减,减少cut down 削减,降低cut in( 汽车 ) 抢道;插嘴,打断cut off 切断;删去;停止cut out 删除cut short 突然停止die down 渐渐消失,平息die out 消失,灭绝draw in( 火车、汽车 ) 到站draw up 写上,画上;草拟;停住dress up 穿上盛装,打扮得很漂亮drop by/in 顺便来访dry out 干透,使干dry up 干涸,枯竭第三组drop off 减弱,减少drop out 退出,离队fall behind 落后fall out 争吵;结果是fall through 落空,失败feed in 输入find out 查明get across 解释清楚,使人了解get around/round 走动,旅行; ( 消息 ) 传开get away 逃脱,离开get by 通过,经过get down 从 …… 下来;写下get in 进入;收获,收集get off 从 …… 下来;离开,动身,开始get over 克服; ( 从病中 ) 恢复过来get through 结束,完成;接通电话have got to (do) 不得不,必须第四组get together 集合,聚集get up 起床;增加,增强give away 泄露;分送give back 送还,恢复give in 交上;投降,屈服give off 放出,释放give out 分发,放出give up 停止,放弃go ahead 开始,前进;领先go by 过去go down 下降,降低;被载入,传下去go off 爆炸,发射;动身,离开go out 外出;熄灭go over 检查,审查;复习,重温go round/around 足够分配go under 下沉,沉没;失败;破产go through 通过,审查,完成第五组go up 上升,增加;建起hand down 流传下来,传给,往下传hand in 交上,递交hand on 传下来,依次传递hand out 分发,散发,发给hand over 交出,移交,让与hang about 闲荡,徘徊,逗留hang back 犹豫,踌躇,畏缩hang on 抓紧不放;继续下去hang up 挂断 ( 电话 )have back 要回,收回have on 穿着,戴着hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制hold on 继续,握住不放hold out 维持,支持;坚持,不屈服hold up 举起,阻挡,使停止;抢劫第六组hurry up( 使 ) 赶快,迅速完成keep back 阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留keep down 控制,压制,镇压;压低keep off 不接近,避开keep up 保持,维持;继续,坚持let down 放下,降低;使失望let in 让 …… 进入,放 …… 进来let off 放 ( 烟,烟火 ) ,开 ( 枪 )let out 放掉,放出,发出line up 排队,使排成一行look back 回顾,回头看look out 留神,注意,提防,警惕look on 旁观,观看;看待,视作look up 查阅,查考;寻找 ( 某人 )look in 顺便看望make out 辨认,区分;理解,了解make out of 用 …… 做,从 …… 得出第七组make up 构成,拼凑;弥补,赔偿;化装mix up 混淆,混合,搞糊涂pass away 去世,逝世pass off 中止,停止pass to 转到,讨论,传到pass out 失去知觉,昏倒pay back 偿还,回报pay off 还清 ( 债 )pay down 即时交付,用现金支付pay up 全部付清第八组pick out 选出,挑出,拣出;辨认,辨别出pick up 拾起, ( 偶然 ) 得到; ( 车船 ) 中途搭 ( 人 ) ,学会pull down 拆毁,拉倒;拉下,降低pull in( 车 ) 停下,进站,船 ( 到岸 )pull off 脱 ( 帽、衣 )pull on 穿,戴pull out 拔出,抽出; ( 车、船 ) 驶出pull together 齐心协力pull up( 使 ) 停下put across 解释清楚,说明put aside 储存,保留put away 放好,收好;储存put down 记下,放下;镇压,平定put forward 提出put in 驶进put on 穿上,戴上;上演;增加 ( 体重 )put out 熄灭,关 ( 灯 ) ;出版,发布;生产put right 改正 ( 错误 ) ,整理第九组put up 提起,举起,提 ( 价 ) ;为 …… 提供食宿,投宿ring off 挂断电话rub out 擦掉,拭去run down 撞倒,撞沉;追捕,追查run off 复印,打印run over 略读,略述;辗过,浏览,匆匆复习see off 给 …… 送行see through 看穿,识破;干完,干到底set back 推迟,延缓,阻碍set down 卸下,放下,记下,记入set forth 阐明,陈述set off 出发,动身;引起,使发生set out 陈列,显示;动身,起程;制定set up 创立,建立,树立;资助,扶持show in 领入show off 炫耀,卖弄第十组show up 使呈现,使醒目shut out 排除sit in 列席,旁听sit up 迟睡,熬夜speed up 使加速stand out 突出,显眼stand up 站起来,耐用step up 提高,加快,加紧step in 插入,介入stick out 伸出,突出;坚持到底,继续take away 消除;消耗take down 记下,写下take off 拿走,脱下;起飞take on 呈现;接纳,承担,从事take over 接管,接办take up 占据;开始;拿起,接收take up with 和 …… 交往,忍受,采用初中英语常用介词短语列举:1)at once 立刻 &&&&&&&&2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先,首先 &&&&&&&4)at the age of… 在……岁时 5)at the end of… 在……之末 &&&&&6)at the beginning of… 在……之初 7)at the foot of… 在……脚下 &&&&&8)at the same time 同时 9)at night/noon 在夜里/中午 &&&&&10)with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助 11)with the help of … 在……的帮助下 &&&12)with a smile 面带笑容 13)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见 &&&&14)after a while 过了一会儿 15)from now on 从现在起 &&&&&&16)from then on 从那时起 17)far example 例如 &&&&&&&18)far away from 远离 19)from morning till night 从早到晚&&&&20)by and by 不久 21)by air mail 寄航空邮件 &22)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 &24)by the way 顺便说 25)by the window 在窗边 26)by the end of… 到……底为止 27)little by little 逐渐地 &28)in all 总共 29)in fact 事实上 &30)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31)in a hurry 匆忙&&32)in the middle of 在……中间 33)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快 &34)in time (on time) 及时 35)in public 公众,公开地 &36)in order to 为了…… 37)in front of 在……前面 38)in the sun 在阳光下 39)in the end 最后,终于 40)in surprise 惊奇地 41)in turn 依次 &42)of course 当然 43)a bit (of) 有一点儿 &44)a lot of 许多 45)a little 一点儿 &46)on one's way to 某人在去……的路上 47)on foot 步行,走路 &48)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49)on the other hand 另一方面 &50)at/on the weekend 在周末 51)on the left (right) 在左(右)边 &52)on the other side of 在……另一边 53)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)&54)to one's joy 使……高兴的是 55)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是& 反义疑问句:表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反意疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。1. 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式可记为前肯后否。&2. 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式可记为前否后肯。 例如:This pencil is red, isn’t it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& This pencil isn’t red, is it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 速记:前肯后否,前否后肯,前be后be,前无be后加助,时态一致。反意疑问句的回答:前肯后否,前否后肯,根据事实从后往前翻译。如:(1)They work hard,don’t they?他们努力工作,不是吗?Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they don't.不,他们工作不努力(2)They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?Yes, they do. 不,他们工作努力。/No, they don't. 是的, 他们工作不努力否定反义疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式,反义疑问句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:"It’s new, isn’t it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的,不是吗?”“是,是新的。”"He wants to go, doesn’t he?" "No, he doesn’t." “他想去,不是吗?”“不,他不想去。”此时,"Yes"即是,对前面"It's new."的肯定。回答反义疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,如有人问你You are asleep, aren’t you? 你应回答No, I’m not. 因为既然你能回答,肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你 You aren’t asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着,对吗),你也只能回答No, I’m not.(是的,还没有睡着),而不能回答为Yes, I’m not. 也不能回答成 Yes, I am.“It is a beautiful flower,isn't it?” “It isn't a beautiful flower,is it?”上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“Yes,it is."否定为“No,it isn't."由上述例子可知,反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无太大关联,只需注意事实,肯定即用yes,否定用no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。口诀:反意疑问并不难,陈述疑问句中含。前后肯否恰相反,否定词缀不能算。主谓时态要一致,特殊情况记心田。实际情况来回答,再把yes和no拣。综上所述,反义疑问句回答就是按实际情况回答。对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。例:—He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?—Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。快速记忆表:陈述部分的谓语&& 疑问部分I/主语&& aren't I / are Ino,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含义的词&& 肯定含义含有un-,in-.dis-,im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,视为肯定含义&& 否定含义ought to(肯定的)&& shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语have to+v.(had to+v.)&& don't +主语(didn't +主语)used to+v.&& didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语had better + v.&& hadn't youwould rather + v.&& wouldn't +主语you'd like to + v.&& wouldn't +主语must&& 根据实际情况而定感叹句&& be +主语指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this&& 主语用it并列复合句&& 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定定语从句,宾语从句主从复合句&& 根据主句的谓语而定think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导&& 与宾语从句相对应的从句everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one&& 复数they, 单数he情态动词dare或need&& need/needn't (dare/daren't ) +主语dare, need 为实义动词&& do/don't +主语省去主语的祈使句&& will/won't you?Let's 开头的祈使句&& Shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句&& Will you?there be&& 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)否定前缀不能视为否定词&& 仍用否定形式.反意疑问句19条:1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I?3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。The Swede made no answer, did he / she?Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。He must be a doctor, isn't he?You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用用否定的助动词加sb/sth?如:1)What a fine day it is today!What a fine day it is today,isn“t it?2)How fast he runs!How fast he runs,doesn”t he?3)What a long time we have been waiting!What a long time we have been waiting ,haven“t we?12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。Everything is ready, isn't it?14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?有些动词如:cost hurt hit put 等,它们的过去时与原型相同,在肯定句中一定要先弄清楚它们是什么时态.英语18种特殊的反意疑问句: 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表 示“请求”,用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如:   &Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好吗?    Let 引导的祈使句有两种情况:    1) Let's...后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如:    Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好吗?   &还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。    2) Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如:   &Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试,行吗?    2. 感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。 例如:    What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊,是吧?   &3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问 句需用do的适当形式。例如:    He needs help, doesn't he? 他需要帮助,是吗?   &4. 陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时,反意疑问句用aren't I 或am't I ,而不是am not I (可 用a m I not)。例如:    I'm working now, am't I? 我在工作,是吗?    5. 陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如:   &Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?    6. 陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。 例如:    Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗?    No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事,对吗?    7. 陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they。 例如:    This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机,是吗?    These are grapes,aren't they? 这些是葡萄,是吗?    8. 陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如:    One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧?    9. 当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not,& no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。 例如:   &He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到,是吗?    10. 当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如:    && It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平,是吧?    11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如:    You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗?    12. 当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。& 例如:    What you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的东西更重要,是吧?    13. 当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:    I don't think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗?    14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如:    They had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会,是吗?    15. 陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如:    You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜,对吧?    16. 陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。例如:    There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院,是吗?    17. 陈述部分有had better时,反意疑问句中要用hadn't。&例如:    We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我们现在最好马上去上学,好吗? 18. 当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't;而当must作推测意义“一定 是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如:   &He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必须努力学物理,是吧?    Tom must be at home,isn't he? 汤姆一定在家,是吧?
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