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上海市重点中学初二英语单选完形精练
　　一、选择题(3分8=24分)
　　1.如果用配方法解一元二次方程x^2-6x-7=0，则方程可变形为
　　Ａ．(x-6)^2=43 Ｂ．(x+6)^2=43
　　Ｃ．(x-3)^2=16 Ｄ．(x+3)^2=16　
　　4.下列命题中真命题是
　　Ａ．如果两个直角三角形的两条边对应相等，那么这两个直角三角形全等
　　Ｂ．如果两个直角三角形的一条边和一个锐角对应相等，那么这两个直角三角形全等
　　Ｃ．如果两个直角三角形的两个角对应相等，那么这两个直角三角形全等
　　Ｄ．如果两个直角三角形的一条直角边和斜边对应相等，那么这两个直角三角形全等
　　6．已知一个矩形的面积为24cm^2，其长为ycm，宽为xcm，则y与x之间的函数关系的图象大致在
　　Ａ.第一、三象限，且y随x的增大而减小Ｂ.第一象限，且y随x的增大而减小
　　Ｃ.第二、四象限，且y随x的增大而增大Ｄ.第二象限，且y随x的增大而增大
　　7．下列说法正确的是
　　A.一个定理的逆命题就是这个定理的逆定理
　　B.原命题和逆命题同真同假
　　C.到角的两边距离相等的点的轨迹是这个角的平分线
　　D.如果CA=CB,则过点C垂直AB的直线必平分线段AB
　　二、填空题(3分12=36分)
　　11.已知直角坐标平面上点P（3，-2）和Q（-1，6），则PQ=____.
　　12.方程x^2=2x的解是_____．
　　13.已知函数y=k/x的图像经过点（2，5），则实数k=_____．
　　14.已知关于x的方程(m-2)x^2-2x+1=0有实数根，则实数m的取值范围是_____．
　　16.已知直角三角形斜边长是6，则以斜边的中点为圆心，斜边上的中线长为半径的圆的面积是.
　　18.请写出一个原命题是真命题，逆命题是假命题的命题，则这个原命题是：________
　　三、简答题(本大题共4题，满分22分,21题4分,22题5分,23题5分,24题8分)
　　21.(5分)解方程：3x^2-2x-2=0
　　24.(8分)已知：等腰三角形一边上的高是另一边的一半，求顶角的度数.
　　四、解答题(本大题共2题，满分18分,25题8分,26题10分)
　　26．(10分)已知正比例函数与反比例函数图像的交点到x轴的距离是3，到y轴的距离是4求这两个函数的解析式.
　　单项选择
　　1 The population of China is _______ than _______ of any other country in the world.
　　A. larger, the oneB. more, that
　　C. larger, thatD. more, the one
　　2. The number of the trees around my village is getting _______.
　　A. larger and largerB. higher and higherC. more and moreD. less and less
　　16. She is as _______ as a bee.
　　A. busyB. busierC. the busiestD. more busy
　　3. It is _______ to work out this problem. (前n. /adj.后)
　　A. enough easyB. easy enough
　　C. easily enoughD. very easily
　　4. — Don’t make any noise in the living room! My baby is sleeping.—_______.
　　A. Sorry, I won’tB. It doesn’t matter
　　C. Excuse me, I’m wrongD. Certainly, I won’t
　　5.—What do you do? —_______.
　　A. I am thirteenB. I work hard
　　C. I’m fineD. I’m a student
　　6. —Andy isn’t going out this evening, is she?
　　—_______. She has to stay at home to look after her sick mother.
　　A. Yes, she isB. No, she isn’t
　　C. Yes, she isn’tD. No, she is
　　7. —Hello. May I speak to Mr. Wang?
　　—Who’s calling, please.
　　—_______.
　　A. I’m Mr. WangB. Mr. Wang is here
　　C. This is Mr. Wang speakingD. Mr. Wang is calling
　　8. —I fell and hurt my leg just now.
　　—_______.
　　A. Be carefulB. It doesn’t matter
　　C. I’m sorry to hear thatD. Nothing serious
　　9. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _______ one.
　　A. threeB. thirdC. forthD. /
　　10. Turn to page _____ and look at the ___ picture.
　　A. twentieth, oneB. twenty, one
　　C. twentieth, firstD. twenty, first
　　11. It’s very nice _______ you to take care of my baby while I was away. （品质）
　　A. forB. ofC. withD. to
　　12. —I’m looking forward ____ taking a holiday in Hainan.
　　—So am I. It’s great to be _______ holiday there.
　　A. for, onB. to, atC. to, onD. for, at
　　13. I’m sure you know the difference ____ “look for” and “find”.A. fromB. forC. toD. between
　　14. Oliver was so busy_______ a novel that he _______ to have dinner. ( too…to 区别)
　　A. reading, forgetsB. to read, forgets
　　C. to read, forgotD. reading, forgot
　　15. At weekends I prefer _______ at home to ____out.
　　A. stay, goingB. staying, go
　　C. staying, goingD. to stay, go
　　16. He asked his father ______ questions.
　　A. fewB. littleC. a littleD. a few
　　17. He is good at English and he can speak English very ________.
　　A. goodB. niceC. wellD. fine
　　18. Listen! Someone ________ next door.
　　A. singB. is singingC. singsD. is gong to sing
　　19. He often gets ________ _______ Sunday afternoon.
　　A. to home, inB. at home. in
　　C. home, onD. in home, in
　　20. _______ information he offered us! We all thank him.
　　A. What usefulB. What useless
　　C. How usefulD. How useless
　　21. --- ________ do you write to your pen-friend?
　　--- Once a week.
　　A. How longB. How soon
　　C. How farD. How often
　　22. The boys and girls often play ______ piano in ________ afternoon.( on a hot afternoon)
　　A. /；anB. the；theC. /；theD. the；an
　　37. There______ many students in the classroom.
　　A. areB. isC. beD. have
　　23. The sun rises ______ and goes down ______.
　　A. in the east, in the westB. in the west, in the east
　　C. to the east, to the westD.from the east, from the west
　　24. One of the boys is _____, all the other boys are _____.
　　A. English , ChinaB. an English, Chinese
　　C. England , ChinaD. English, Chinese
　　25. Mrs Hu asked Liu Fang and _____ to take part in the English meeting.
　　A.IB. myC. meD. mine
　　26. This is my bag, and that is ______.
　　A. heB. hisC. himD. they
　　27. It _____ us two hours’ walk to get to our school.
　　A. takeB. takesC. spendD. paid
　　28. We should keep _______ in the reading-room.
　　A. quiteB. quietlyC. quietD. quickly
　　29. Good food ______ us healthy.
　　A. givesB. helpsC. keepsD. does
　　30. —It’s too hot. Would you mind _______ the door?
　　—_______. Please do it now.
　　A. to open, OKB. opening, Certainly not
　　C. opening, Of courseD. to open, Good idea
　　31. You’d better ______ football in the street.
　　A. not playB. playingC. not to playD. play
　　32. At last, the thief handed everything ______ he had stolen to the police. (it, this/that)
　　A. whichB. whatC. thatD. who
　　33. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second.
　　A. /B. theC. aD. an
　　34 I want to know_____
　　A. what is his nameB. what’s his name
　　C. that his name isD. what his name is
　　35. Success depends on _____ we make enough effort.
　　A. whetherB. ifC. thatD what
　　36. Please tell us ____ to go or stay here.
　　A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. what
　　37. He asked me ____I hadn’t finish my work.
　　A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. what
　　38. If the glass falls to the ground, it ___broken.
　　A. willB. will beC. isD. was
　　39 I like playing ____ piano.
　　A. /B. aC. theD. an
　　40. ______ for the heavy traffic.
　　A. Look afterB Look out
　　C. Come outD. Look up
　　41. She is _______of the two.
　　A. the cleverestB. the cleverer
　　C. the cleverD. cleverest
　　42. _____ you work, _____ you will do.
　　A. Harder, betterB. The harder, the worse
　　C. Hardest, bestD. The harder, the better
　　43. _____ Yellow River is the second _____ river is our country.
　　A. /, longB. The, longestC. /, longerD. The, long
　　完形填空
　　My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ___1___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him ___2___.
　　Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___3___ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, ___4___. We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be ___5___ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know.
　　In ___6___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___7___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___8___. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.
　　He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___9___, so I went to ___10___ him after school. I found him running ___11___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept ___12___.
　　Two weeks later, the names of the team ___13___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___14___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it … so he didn’t know. He just ___15___ it.
　　1. A. spentB. takenC. costD. paid
　　2. A. talkB. sitC. studyD. walk
　　3. A. afterB. beforeC. duringD. till
　　4. A. eitherB. tooC. thoughD. yet
　　5. A. ableB. sorryC. gladD. afraid
　　6. A. sixthB. seventhC. eighthD. ninth
　　7. A. soB. ifC. thenD. because
　　8. A. neighborhoodB. familyC. schoolD. grade
　　9. A. excitedB. tiredC. pleasedD. worried
　　10. A. think aboutB. hear fromC. agree with
　　D. look for
　　11. A. aloneB. awayC. almostD. already
　　12. A. ridingB. walkingC. playingD. running
　　13. A. jumpersB. runnersC. doctorsD. teachers
　　14. A. gotB. keptC. madeD. found
　　15. A. madeB. playedC. hadD. took
　　Korean culture is really exciting right now. The Korean Wave is sweeping Asian countries including China. Young people are going crazy about Korean TV dramas, Korean pop songs, taekwondo and the Korean language.
　　The Korean Wave started a few years ago with the TV series “Winter Sonata”. This love story is still popular. People, especially girls, like the beautiful story and handsome actors like Bae Yong Jun (裴勇俊).
　　In the music world, Korean girls are making themselves heard in China. You can often find big Korean names like Baby Vox, S. E. S and Finkle at the top of the Chinese music charts (排行榜).
　　The Korean Wave has also made young people want to try the clothes and hairstyles of pop stars, too. Not only that. Now some girls in China are having plastic surgery (整容) to change the way they look. People say some beautiful Korean stars have had plastic surgery. These stars don’t make plastic surgery look shameful (丢面子的).
　　Are all the faces of beautiful Korean girls not real? Find out for yourself when you next visit South Korea.
　　根据短文，选择最佳答案：
　　1.What does the Korea Wave refer to? It refers to ____.
　　A. Korean TV dramas
　　B. Korean culture
　　C. Korean language
　　D. Korean actors
　　2.When did the Korean Wave start? It started with ____.
　　A. the Korean pop songs
　　B. Taekwondo
　　C. the TV series “Winter Sonata”
　　D. the Korean food
　　3.Who is the famous actor in Korean dramas?
　　A. Bae Yong Jun
　　B. Baby Vox
　　C. S. E. S
　　D. Finkle
　　4.Korean stars often change their looks by ____.
　　A. singing pop songs
　　B. acting in TV dramas
　　C. trying different food
　　D. having plastic surgery
　　5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
　　A. Winter Sonata tells a very famous love story.
　　B. Young people like Korean pop stars’ clothes and hairstyles.
　　C. Chinese girls also want to try plastic surgery.
　　D. Korean pop stars think plastic surgery is shameful.
　　完形填空：
　　The Taj Mahal is India’s most famous building. It is known1the eighth wonder of the world. It also2a great love story.
　　In the year 1607, Emperor Shah Jahan of India3a girl in a market. She was so beautiful4he fell in love with her at once. The girl’s name was Mumtaz Mahal.
　　Five years later, Mumtaz and Shah Jehan got married. They had 14 children.5Mumtaz died in 1630. Shah Jahan missed his wife so much that in 1638, he ordered the building of6beautiful mausoleum (陵墓) on earth for her, the Taj Mahal.
　　It722,000 workmen 22 years to finish. The beautiful white marble (大理石) building stands beside the Yamuna River. It has expensive stones8its walls. By the way, to visit the Taj Mahal, you’ll have to take off your shoes and leave them at the front door.
　　1. A. asB. forC. toD. at
　　2. A. speaksB. tellsC. saysD. talks
　　3. A. seesB. seeing C. sawD. seen
　　4. A. ifB. thatC. asD. while
　　5. A. AndB. ButC. OrD. So
　　6. A. the more B. the mostC. muchD. quite
　　7. A. tookB. takes C. taking D. take
　　8. A. inB. onC. withD. at
　　Australia has a lot of lovely animals. The most famous ones are kangaroos and koalas.
　　The kangaroo is the symbol of Australia. They have large eyes and ears. They don’t walk, they jump. They use their strong back legs. They can jump at up to 74 kilometres per hour. They can go over nine metres in one jump!
　　Kangaroo mothers have pouches (育儿袋) to carry their babies. The babies stay inside to get milk and keep warm. Kangaroos are everywhere in Australia. They are on TV, in books and in the shops. The government even wants to put them on passports (护照).
　　There are about 20 to 25 million kangaroos in Australia. That’s more than the number of people in the country! Some kangaroos go hungry because there is not enough to eat. They break into farms for food. Farmers are very angry with them. To help the farmers, the Australian Government kills some kangaroos each year.
　　The koala is another famous Australian animal. They look like bears, and have small eyes and big noses. They eat leaves from gum trees, where they spend most of their time.
　　Koalas have a special smell. They use it to mark (标识) their home – “this is my place, you can’t come in!”
　　Like kangaroos, a koala baby lives in its mother’s pouch.
　　But koalas have fewer places to live. There are about 100,000 koalas in Australia. There is a law to keep them safe.
　　根据文章所提供的袋鼠和考拉的生活状况，用简洁的句子完成下列表格：
　　完形填空：
　　Big Ben? It’s not the name of a person. It’s a famous1in London. It is part of a very big clock at the top of a tower (塔). The minute hands of the clock2more than four metres long. The clock has four3. You can see what4it is from any side (面). The name of the bell comes5Sir Benjamin Hall. The tower is about 150 years old. The bell makes a loud6every hour. On New Year’s Eve, millions of people listen to it on TV!
　　1. A. personB. bellC. placeD. animal
　　2. A. areB. isC. haveD. has
　　3. A. feetB. handsC. nosesD. faces
　　4. A. timeB. foodC. weatherD. place
　　5. A. forB. fromC. atD. to
　　6. A. soundB. voiceC. noiseD. hearing
　　Venice（威尼斯） is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn’t built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands. Seawater is everywhere around the city.
　　Even so, travel isn’t that difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can lead you where you want to go. People in Venice move from place to place by boat. They like to enjoy cool summer nights while taking boat trips. They can talk to other people as they go along.
　　Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians escaped (逃跑) from a war more than 1,500 years ago, and built homes there.
　　选择恰当的短语填空：　　
　　A.escapedB. islandsC. travelD. waterwaysE. Italy
　　F. boatG. bridgesH. go alongI. summer nightsJ. seawater　　
　　Venice is a city of __1__. People built it on more than 110 __2__. Although __3__ is around the city, it is not difficult for people to __4__. Because there are many __5__ and __6__, and people can move by __7__. They enjoy taking boat trips on __8__ and talking to others as they __9__.
　　The history of Venice is very long. More than 1,500 years ago, some Italians __10__ from a great war and they built homes there.
　　Do you remember when your grandma told you the story of Snow White? Ah, the happy days of childhood!
　　But did you know that Snow White comes from Germany? It’s just one story from the 209 in Grimm’s Fairy Tales (《格林童话》). The Grimm brothers started to collect fairy tales in 1806. Their first book came out in 1812.
　　Why are German fairy tales so interesting? Maybe it’s because they come from a great place famous for its stories – the Black Forest.
　　The Black Forest is in southwest Germany. It’s the largest forest in the country – and one of the most beautiful. It’s famous for its trees and lovely views. There are valleys and waterfalls (瀑布) there. It’s a good place to start a story.
　　Don’t forget to bring something back if you visit. People there are good at making clocks, musical instruments and watches.
　　根据短文，选择最佳答案：
　　1.From the story, we know that ____ is the hometown of Snow White.
　　A. EnglandB. JapanC. AmericaD. Germany
　　2.How long had the Grimm brothers been collecting stories?
　　A. Four yearsB. Five yearsC. Six yearsD. Seven years
　　3.From the story, we cannot guess that the Black Forest is very ____.
　　A. largeB. beautifulC. boringD. famous
　　4.The story mainly tells us ____.
　　A. who wrote the story of Snow White
　　B. some things about Black Forest
　　C. people should visit Germany
　　D. Snow White is a very famous fairy tale.
　　If you go to Russia, bring matryoshka or nesting dolls (套娃) back with you. They make great presents.
　　It looks like any other doll on the outside. But if you open it, you will find a smaller doll inside. Then a smaller one inside that one, and on and on!
　　In a nesting doll, there are dolls inside one another, from large to small. The largest one can be half a metre high. The smallest is as small as a peanut. Usually, there are eight dolls. But there can be anything from three to 50.
　　The dolls are often pretty Russian girls in colourful dresses. They wear scarves (头巾).
　　They sometimes have other kinds of faces on them. There are cartoon people or men with white beards (胡子). They even have great men like President (总统) Vladimir Putin on some of them.
　　根据短文，判断正误：
　　1.There are dolls inside one another in a nesting doll.
　　2.The largest doll can be one metre high.
　　3.People often make dolls look like pretty Russian girls.
　　4.Usually, a nesting doll can be eight dolls in one.
　　People never make dolls look like the president.
　　The Spring Festival is the biggest festival for Chinese people all around the world. The celebration usually lasts for 15 days. There is a lot to do.
　　On the eve of the Spring Festival, family members get together and have big meals. Their favourite dish on this day is dumplings.
　　Days before the Spring Festival, families will clean their homes. People think cleaning sweeps away bad luck. It makes the house ready for good luck.
　　The colour red is everywhere during the Spring Festival. People think red is a happy colour and will bring them a bright future. People wear red, too. They decorate (装饰) their homes with pieces of red paper. Kids get a lot of “hong bao”. It is a red paper bag with money in it. Usually, older people give younger ones hong bao. They think it brings good luck.
　　The Spring Festival is the time to make everybody happy. So don’t say any bad words or do anything that will bring unhappiness to other people.
　　For instance, you’d better not say any bad words like “death”. Don’t break anything. People think that it means your luck is running out.
　　Also, don’t borrow or lend money on these days. If you have borrowed money, return it before the Spring Festival.
　　根据短文，选择最佳答案：
　　1.What do most people do on the eve of the Spring Festival?
　　A. Family members gather for a big meal.
　　B. Friends eat dumplings together.
　　C. They borrow money from friends.
　　D. They give each other hong bao.
　　2.Why do people clean their houses days before the Spring Festival?
　　A. Because they enjoy being clean.
　　B. Because it is believed that cleaning will sweep away bad luck.
　　C. Because they think it will bring happiness to others.
　　D. Because it is thought that cleaning brings in money.
　　3.Which of the following things is not supposed to happen during the Spring Festival?
　　A. Returning money before the Spring Festival.
　　B. Saying words that have to do with death.
　　C. Wearing red clothes.
　　D. Decorating houses with red paper.
　　4.The underlined phrase “running out” probably means “____”.
　　A. 跑出去B. 打碎C. 耗尽D. 离开
　　5.We can tell from the story that the Spring Festival is ____.
　　A. a time of harvest and fun
　　B. celebrated for one whole month
　　C. only celebrated in China
　　D. a time for families to get together
　　Cold air. Snow. Shorter days. We are in winter now.
　　Winter is the coldest season of the year. It comes between autumn and spring. For us, the winter months are usually November, December and January. But that is only because we live in the northern part of the Earth.
　　In China, winter is the time between the beginning of winter, and the beginning of spring. But, this is the time that the southern part of the Earth, has its summer. Imagine when we are playing with snow, Australian kids are enjoying ice cream!
　　Winter isn’t always gray. It can also be bright. Here’s how.
　　Put on a holiday play and try acting. Ask your cousins or classmates to come to your house and make beautiful clothes and write a play. Act it out for your family.
　　Play around. Go outside and enjoy yourself. Make a snowman with your friends.
　　If you really have to stay indoors, give your room a clean and decorate (装饰) it. You’ll find it a lot of fun.
　　根据短文，选择最佳答案：
　　1.What does this passage mainly talk bout?
　　A. The winter season and fun winter activities.
　　B. Ways to decorate houses.
　　C. The difference between China and Australia.
　　D. The colours linked to winter.
　　2.Why are Australian kids eating ice cream when it’s winter in China?
　　A. Because they are crazy about ice cream.
　　B. Because winter in Australia is not as cold as that in China.
　　C. Because it’s summer in Australia when it’s winter in China.
　　D. Because they don’t have much to do in winter.
　　3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
　　A. The northern and southern parts of the Earth have different winter months.
　　B. Winter can be fun if you find interesting things to do.
　　C. The writer thinks it’s great fun to clean your house and decorate it.
　　D. Australian kids enjoy having ice cream on winter days.
　　4.从短文中选出一种你喜欢的活动，并说明原因。
　　I think it will be great fun to ____ this winter because I like to ____. Also, it is ________ and it can ________. I’ll try it out soon.
　　5.Find words from the passage to fill in the blanks:
　　In China, the winter months are usually November, December and ____. But it’s different in Australia. The winter in China is ____ in Australia because it is in the ____ part of the Earth.
　　Winter is not always ___. You can have lots of fun. Try ____ a play and acting it out with your cousins or friends. Or you can play ____ outside and make a ____. If you have to stay ____, clean up your house and ____ it with fun pieces.
　　Just enjoy winter!
　　Look at the light and beautiful snowflakes (雪花) falling. Ever wanted to hold them in your hands? They are always lost when they meet your hands.
　　Well, this isn’t just a problem for you. It was a problem for Wilson Bentley, too.
　　In the 1870s, Wilson Bentley was just a teenager. His family lived in a small town in northeast America. Winters there were long and hard. Bentley’s mother was once a school teacher. She taught him at home.Bentley didn’t go to school until he was 14. He was a quiet boy, and loved reading his mother’s books.
　　But it was his mother’s microscope (显微镜) that interested him. When the other boys were playing with balls, little Bentley was studying things like drops of water, flowers and snowflakes. Bentley loved watchingsnowflakes. For the next two years young Bentley spent many winter days in a cold room watching these ice crystals (晶体) under his microscope.
　　The boythought they were so beautiful that he started to draw pictures of them. But there were so many snowflakes that he couldn’t draw them all.
　　How could he keep their beauty forever? Bentley thought of buying a camera.
　　The boy and his mother asked his father to buy one. But, his father didn’t agree. He thought the whole thing was a bad idea. He thought the only thing a farmer should do was farming.
　　But finally Bentley did get a camera. For more than a year he tried to take pictures of snowflakes. On January 15, 1885, during a snowstorm, Bentley took the first ever photo of an ice crystal with his camera. “It was the greatest moment of my life,” Bentley said later.
　　For 13 years, Bentley worked quietly and took thousands of photos of ice crystals. Later he became known as “Snowflake” Bentley.
　　根据短文，选择最佳答案：
　　1.The best title for this passage is ____.
　　A. Snowflake PhotosB. Snowflake Boy
　　C. Long and Hard WintersD. Teenage Photographer
　　2.We can tell from the story that Bentley’s father was ____.
　　A. a farmerB. a funny man
　　C. an athletic manD. a school teacher
　　3.Which of the following statements about Bentley is true?
　　A. He didn’t get any kind of education as a child.
　　B. He was born into a rich family.
　　C. He was the first person to take photos of snowflakes.
　　D. He was fascinated by the beauty of snowflakes.
　　4.What kind of person do you think Bentley was?
　　A. He was outgoing.B. He was too serious.
　　C. He was interested in learning.D. He was very warm-hearted.
　　5.The “ice crystals” in the third paragraph refers to “____”.
　　A. water dropsB. rain drops
　　C. flowersD. snowflakes
　　If you don’t keep yourself warm enough, winter can be a time of illness.
　　During the winter months, people easily get colds and flu (流感). Many think they are the same, but these two illnesses are different.
　　Colds can stay with you for up to a week. You will have a running nose, sore throat, headache, cough and a fever.
　　Flu is more serious. You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache. Your body will hurt and become weak. This could last for up to four weeks.
　　Is there any way to keep yourself away from colds and flu? Staying clear of people with colds or flu may work.
　　Try not to touch (触摸) your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. Wash your hands, especially after cleaning your nose.
　　Going out with wet hair can also give you a cold!
　　If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest. Doing this will help you get better. Drink lots of water. Stay in a warm, well-aired room. If you have a headache, or your muscles hurt, take some medicine.
　　1.阅读上面的短文，根据短文内容帮助Mary完成下面的一封信。
　　Dear Mom and Dad,
　　How’s everything going?
　　I’m having great fun at winter camp. But for the past two days, I’m not feeling very well. I don’t know what’s wrong. Maybe I have ____ a cold. I have a ____ nose and ____ throat. Last night I couldn’t sleep because I had a _____, ____ and a slight ____. But don’t worry. I’ve been to the doctor’s. The doctor told me that it was not ____, which would otherwise be more ____. He advised me to ____ lots of water, lie down and ____ for a few days. He said I would get well in a week. Okay, so much for now.
　　Take good care of yourselves, too.
　　2.假设你是Mary的朋友Tina. 得知她生病的消息后，你很着急，立刻发一封e-mail，给她提一些建议（三至五条，可参考短文，字数100字左右）。
　　Winter is a time for many exciting sports: sledding (雪橇), skating and skiing. Skating and skiing needs lots of skills (技巧). Sledding gives you good exercise and is lots of fun!
　　A sled looks like a boat. It can move easily over snow or ice. Early sleds were made of wood. Now some better sleds are made of glass.
　　Sleds can be pulled by animals. In some very cold parts of the world, people make animals like dogs, horses, and reindeer (驯鹿) pull goods or people in sleds.
　　People also sled for sports and fun. Driving a sled does not need much skill. The driver gives a kick (踢) in the snow to start the sled. He or she can also ask someone else for help. In a sled, there can be one person or several.
　　Usually, you have to lie on your back, feet first in a sled. As you travel, you move your body and feet to keep it in the right direction (方向).
　　There is a special sled called the skeleton sled (骨架雪橇). It’s very different.
　　On a skeleton, you lie on your stomach and drive the sled in a head-first way. It is very fast! Many are afraid to ride it. But once they try it they want to do it again!
　　阅读短文，回答下列问题：
　　1.What are sleds made of?
　　2.What kind of animals can pull sleds?
　　3.What are sleds used for?
　　4.How do people sled? Describe the process.
　　5.What is a skeleton sled like?
　　Like many other animals, swallows will fly south when the days turn cold and the leaves from trees begin to fall. They travel many miles to find a warmer winter. This type of travel is called migration (迁徙).
　　Birds are animals that like to migrate a lot when it is cold. About 600 out of 9,000 kinds of birds do it. They leave in autumn and come back during the warm spring months.
　　Many birds don’t like the cold. They need food, but plants die and insects (昆虫) hide in winter. So, they’ll only come home the next year, when there will be plenty of food for them to eat.
　　But the trip is often hard and not safe. Many birds fly in groups and make noises. Cranes (鹤) fly in groups like the letter V, or in a row. Others travel in pairs or alone.
　　Some can travel a very long way. They fly between lands. For example, the Arctic tern (北极燕鸥) can travel 20,100 kilometres. They build a home near the North Pole (北极), go to the Antarctic (南极洲) in autumn, and then come back in spring.
　　How do the birds find their way? They look at things like the sun, moon and stars. They never get lost.
　　阅读短文，根据短文内容填表（每空不超过三个单词, 最后一空为开放性试题，可多于三个单词）：　
　　What is migration?
　　It’s when animals travel from cold places to find a ____. They leave in ____ and come back in ____.
　　Why do birds migrate?
　　Because plants ____ and animals ____. There’s not much ____ for them during cold winters.
　　How do birds migrate?
　　The trip is often ____ and dangerous. Many travel in ____ and ____.
　　How do birds find their way?
　　They find their way by looking at the ____, ____ and ____.
　　What can we learn from birds’ migration?
　　Animals are born naturally to be able to ____.
　　完形填空：
　　Your room is your own special space. It’s1just a place for you to study and sleep. So make it fun and2to live in. Here are some tips to help you.
　　Give your room a theme (主题). Having a3makes your room look more stylish and beautiful. A room’s theme can be4. It could be about one of your favorite things, like football or music or a colour. Pick a theme and keep it in mind, then decorate the room around the theme you have chosen.
　　5, some boys like skateboarding (滑板). Paint the walls in skater stripes (条纹), and6disco balls from the ceiling and use skateboards as shelves (架子).7you are a girl, you may be more interested in8like dolphins (海豚). Pick curtains (窗帘) and bed covers with dolphin patterns on them. Put dolphin toys on your bed, too. Draw or paint pictures of dolphins playing on your walls. Make your room as blue as the9. So when you walk into the room, you10it’s a home for dolphins!
　　1. A. less than B. more thanC. as much asD. as long as
　　2. A. boringB. tiringC. enjoyableD. suitable
　　3. A. problem B. flowerC. dollD. theme
　　4. A. different B. difficultC. importantD. interesting
　　5. A. As a resultB. Such as
　　C. For exampleD. As is said
　　6. A. hangB. wrapC. tieD. stick
　　7. A. WhenB. WhileC. AsD. If
　　8. A. vegetablesB. sportsC. animalsD. pictures
　　9. A. skyB. seaC. riverD. lake
　　10. A. look likeB. sound likeC. feel likeD. taste like
　　During the cold winter days you may find it hard to wake up in the morning. It’s warm and cozy (舒适的) in your bed.
　　In winter, many animals like to sleep, too. But their sleeps can be very long and deep. This kind of sleep is called hibernation (冬眠). During this kind of sleep, their temperatures go down, and hearts beat (跳动) slowly. They take very small breaths.
　　Animals can hibernate for part or all of the winter. It’s hard for them to find things to eat. When they go to sleep, they don’t need much food.
　　Bears, hedgehogs (刺猬) and chipmunks (花栗鼠) go to sleep in their homes. Frogs and snakes hibernate, too. Frogs move into the earth under water to keep themselves warm.
　　Before they go to sleep, they eat a lot to get fat (脂肪). Some also keep food in their homes to eat later.
　　Bears are the biggest animals that hibernate. They often sleep in caves (山洞). Bears must eat a lot of things like nuts before going to sleep for a long time. They eat as much as 300 apples ( that’s the same as 60 hamburgers) each day for many weeks.They can eat for 20 hours in a day!
　　Bears can go into a very deep sleep. It can last from three months to half a year. During that time they do not eat, drink or go to the toilet. A mother bear can give birth to babies during her hibernation.
　　Other animals sleep less.Sometimes they wake up to eat, or take a walk. Then they go to sleep again.
　　根据短文内容判断正误：
　　1.Hibernation is a the long and deep sleep of animals in winter.
　　2.During hibernation, animals don’t breathe at all.
　　3.Bears eat lots of food before they hibernate in winter.
　　4.Bears don’t go to the toilet during their hibernation.
　　5.Frogs hibernate in the Earth under water.
　　6.Mother bears can’t give birth to babies during hibernation.
　　7.We can infer that fat is an important food for animals during hibernation.
　　8.Bears, hedgehogs, chipmunks, pigs and frogs hibernate.
　　练习答案：
　　(1) B C A D D
　　(2) A B C B B B A B
　　(3) 1. They have large eyes and ears, strong back legs.
　　2. They have small eyes and big nose and look like bears.
　　3. They eat leaves from gum trees.
　　4. About 20 to 25 million kangaroos.
　　5. About 100,000 koalas.
　　6. There is a law to keep them safe.
　　(4) B A D A B C
　　(5) E B J C D G F I H A
　　(6) D C C B
　　(7) T F T T F
　　(8) A B B C D
　　(9) 1. A 2. C 3.D
　　4. One possible version: write a play and act improve my writing and acting skills.
　　5. January, summer, southern, gray, writing, around, snowman, indoors, decorate.
　　(10) B A C C D
　　(11) 1. caught, running, sore, headache, cough, fever, flu, serious, drink, rest.
　　2. One possible version:
　　Dear Mary,
　　I’m so sorry to hear that you have a cold. Here’s some advice to help you get over it. First, drink lots of water. Then you should drink some hot tea with honey. It works well for sore throat. Also, you’d better lie down and rest for a few days. This helps a lot, especially when you have a fever. If you still don’t feel well, take some medicine. Anyway, cheer up. Don’t worry too much about it. It’s important to feel relaxed. Hope you’ll get better soon. Give me a call when you come back home.
　　(12) 1. They are made of wood or glass.
　　2. Usually dogs, horses and reindeer pull a sled.
　　3. Sleds are used for carrying goods or people. They can also be used for fun.
　　4. First, the driver lies on his back, feet first in the sled. Then he gives a kick in the snow to start the sled. Or ask someone to help. As he travels, he moves his body and feet to keep it in the right direction.
　　5. On a skeleton sled, the driver lies on his stomach and travels in a head-first way. It’s fast but exciting.
　　(13) warmer winter, autumn, die, hide, hard, groups, sun, moon, suit themselves to the environment (本空为开放性试题，答案不是唯一的).
　　(14) B C D A C A D C B C
　　(15) T F T T T F T F
　　Someone says "Time is money.", but I think time is (1)______ important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can get it back. However, when time is (2)_______, it’ll never (3)______. That is (4)________ we must not waste time.
　　It goes without saying that the (5)_______ is usually limited. Even a second is very important. We should make full use of our time to do (6)_______ useful.
　　But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of time. They spent their limited time smoking, drinking and (7)______. They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own (8)_______.
　　In a word, we should save time. We shouldn’t (9)_______ today’s work for tomorrow. Remember we must (10)_______time.
　　1. A. much B. most C. many D. much more
　　2. A. lost B. bought C. gone D. finished
　　3. A. return B. carry C. take D. bring
　　4. A. what B. that C. because D. why
　　5. A. money B. time C. day D. food
　　6. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
　　7. A. reading B. writing C. playing D. working
　　8. A. time B. food C. money D. life
　　9. A. stop B. leave C. let D. give
　　10.A. lose B. save C. spend D. take
　　一、完型填空的六个命题特点
　　1、重语境
　　完形填空着眼于整体理解，必须在对短文大意进行了解的基础上才能较准确地推知答案。因此，需要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情节，尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索，把自己置身于情景当中进行填空，这样才能比较顺利且有把握地捕捉到正确信息。
　　2、重实词
　　完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词，当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词，如介词、连词等。
　　3、重首句
　　首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句，是观察全文的窗口，对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。如果设选项，就会加大难度，影响对文章信息的捕捉，使做题者陷入茫然。
　　4、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力
　　完形填空题的特点在于人为地设置了很多空格，使文章支离破碎、残缺不全，这就造成了理解上的障碍。需要考生跳过空格，快速领悟文章主旨。只有这样，才能保证思路连贯，在理解的过程中迅速抓住文章的中心意思。设空有一定的规律性。一般说来大都是均衡分布，各空之间的距离大致相当，通常是隔一定词数，留出一个空格，不连续设空。关系过于密切时，只设一个选项。如果两个相互依存，关系密切的单词或短语都设为选项，就会形成错一个等于错两个，对一个等于对两个的现象。
　　5、重对文章的整体把握能力
　　对文章的整体把握就是指根据文章的主旨，通过上下文暗示，对整篇文章、整个段落或整个意群的整体文意的把握。
　　6、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力
　　完形填空题中干扰项的干扰，一般与语法结构无太大关系，重在文意干扰。因此，只要把握了文意和具体的语境，通过对词义的辨析，一些错误的干扰项就容易被排除。
　　二、完形填空的五个注意点
　　1、完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
　　2、第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
　　3、做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
　　4、每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其他三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
　　5、动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
　　初二语文：《芦花荡》写作特色
　　1、富有传奇色彩的人物形象：
　　传奇是指情节离奇或人物行为超越寻常的故事。本文作者用强烈的反差来渲染老艄公的传奇色彩。一方面写条件，敌人的监视封锁非常严密，而老艄公年近六十，身体非常干瘦，而且又不带一支枪。另一方面，写老艄公的精神与业绩。精神是那么悠闲自得，异常自信；业绩是使敌人的封锁全然落空，保证了苇塘里的队伍得到充足的给养。这两方面的巨大反差，使老艄公显得非常了不起，富有传奇色彩。特别是结尾部分老艄公与鬼子的冲突，尤其表现了这一传奇性。
　　文中写老艄公设好圈套让鬼子往里钻，把鬼子引进芦花荡的木桩圈里。而作者并没有直接去写他事先安排好的事情，而是从鬼子洗澡写起，写老艄公的船围着鬼子转圈，其用意是让鬼子上钩。果然鬼子被钩子咬住了，这复仇的钩子穿透敌人的腿；老艄公举起篙“砸着鬼子们的脑袋，像敲打顽固的老玉米一样”.这场不用枪的战斗，很富有传奇色彩：一个干瘦的老头，手无寸铁，孤身一人，却置十几个鬼子于死地，可以说是一位传奇式的英雄。
　　2、通过言行和心理描写刻画人物性格：
　　作者运用非常简练的文笔，通过对话、动作和心理描写，逐步刻画主人公的性格特征。例如：老艄公把女孩子接上船就叫她们安心睡一觉，说“什么事也没有了”;过封锁线时叫她们“不要说话”，敌人机枪扫射时叫她们“趴下”，自己却“一抽身就跳进水里去，踏着水用两手推着小船前进”.这表现了老艄公善良、勇敢、自信的性格和水性好、斗争经验丰富的特点。一个女孩子受伤后，写他“身体往上蹿了一蹿”，“手脚顿时失去了力量”、“两只老眼有些昏花”，真实地描绘了主人公的内疚心情。老艄公继而“叹了一口气”，内心充满万箭穿胸的痛苦，后来又以充满自信的复仇誓言安慰女孩们，也安慰自己“受了轻视”的心。人物情绪的发展变化写得丰富而细腻，人物“自信和自尊”的个性特征始终鲜明突出。
　　3、景物描写：
　　作者在诗情画意的水乡图画的背景上去展开情节和刻画人物，叙事和写景水乳交融，具有鲜明的地方色彩，散发出浓郁的生活气息，饱含着丰富的爱国深情。比如：开头描绘“阴森黑暗的大苇塘”，把我们带进险恶的战争环境；中间交代“每到傍晚”苇塘里飘出歌声和鱼米香味，使我们感受到抗日军民的乐观豪情。又比如写小女孩趴在船边戏水，使情节有张有弛，时见波澜；写月落之后苇塘的飒飒风响，衬托了老艄公沮丧的心情；几笔绘出“红日当天，水面上浮着一层烟气”，空无人影，渲染出了战斗前平静中的紧张；在绘声绘色地表现战斗场面时，写老艄公眼中所见“鲜嫩的芦花，一片展开的紫色的丝绒，正在迎风飘撒”，这一笔使老艄公镇定、乐观、充满自信的性格跃然纸上。
　　总之，在作者的笔下，环境是美的，人物是美的，严酷的战斗也是美的，字里行境自然地流露出对祖国、对人民的由衷的热爱。这正是作者独特风格之所在。
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